SAQs

1. Define Data and Relations.

Data

• Data is raw, unprocessed facts and figures that are collected and stored.
• It exists in various forms like numbers, text, images, audio, and video.
• Data can be structured (organized in rows and columns), semi-structured (has some organization but not rigid), or unstructured (no defined structure).

Relations

• Relations are mathematical constructs used in relational databases to represent data.
• A relation is a set of tuples (rows), each containing a fixed number of attributes (columns).
• Each attribute represents a specific characteristic or property of the data.
• Relations are based on the concept of set theory, with elements (tuples) and relationships (attributes) defined.
• They are crucial for querying and manipulating data in relational databases.

2. Define what is visualization.

Visualization

• Visualization is the process of creating visual representations of data to gain insights and understanding.
• It involves transforming data into charts, graphs, maps, and other visual forms.
• Visualizations help to:
  • Identify patterns and trends
  • Highlight anomalies and outliers
  • Communicate complex information effectively
  • Engage audiences and facilitate decision-making.
• Common visualization techniques include bar charts, line graphs, scatter plots, heatmaps, and dashboards.

3. Define Hadoop ecosystem.

Hadoop Ecosystem